As of January 2012, there have been 97 amendments to the Constitution of India since it was first enacted in 1950.
No.
|
Amendments
|
Enforced since
|
Objectives
|
1
|
Amend articles 15, 19, 85, 87, 174, 176, 341, 342, 372 and
376.
Insert articles 31A and 31B. Insert schedule 9. |
18 June 1951
|
To fully secure the constitutional validity of zamindari
abolition laws and to place reasonable restriction on freedom of speech. A
new constitutional device, called Schedule 9 introduced to protect laws that
are contrary to the Constitutionally guaranteed fundamental rights. These
laws encroach upon property rights, freedom of speech and equality before law.
|
2
|
Amend article 81.
|
1 May 1953
|
A technical amendment to fix the size of each
parliamentary constituency between 650,000 and 850,000 voters.
|
3
|
Amend schedule 7.
|
22 February 1955
|
Limits maximum no of seats in lok sabha up to 500.States
would be divided into constituencies such that one member of a constituency
will represent not less than every 750000 people but not more than every
500000 people.
|
4
|
Amend articles 31, 31A and 305.
Amend schedule 9. |
27 April 1955
|
Restrictions on property rights and inclusion of related
bills in Schedule 9 of the constitution
|
5
|
Amend article 3.
|
24 December 1955
|
Provide for a consultation mechanism with concerned states
in matters relating to the amendments to the territorial matters and in the
renaming of the state
|
6
|
Amend articles 269 and 286.
Amend schedule 7. |
11 September 1956
|
Amend the Union and State Lists with respect to raising of
taxes
|
7
|
Amend articles 1, 49, 80, 81, 82, 131, 153, 158, 168, 170,
171, 216, 217, 220, 222, 224, 230, 231 and 232.
Insert articles 258A, 290A, 298, 350A, 350B, 371, 372A and 378A. Amend part 8. Amend schedules 1, 2, 4 and 7. |
1 November 1956
|
Reorganization of states on linguistic lines, abolition of
Class A, B, C, D states and introduction of Union Territories
|
8
|
Amend article 334.
|
5 January 1960
|
Clarify state's power of compulsory acquisition and
requisitioning of private property and include Zamindari abolishion laws in
Schedule 9 of the constitution
|
9
|
Amend schedule 1.
|
28 December 1960
|
Minor adjustments to territory of Indian Union consequent
to agreement with Pakistan for settlement of disputes by demarcation of
border villages, etc.
|
10
|
Amend article 240.
Amend schedule 1. |
11 August 1961
|
Incorporation of Dadra, Nagar and Haveli as a Union
Territory, consequent to acquisition from Portugal
|
11
|
Amend articles 66 and 71.
|
19 December 1961
|
Election of Vice President by Electoral College consisting
of members of both Houses of Parliament, instead of election by a Joint
Sitting of Parliament. Indemnify the President and Vice President Election
procedure from challenge on grounds of existence of any vacancies in the
electoral college
|
12
|
Amend article 240.
Amend schedule 1. |
20 December 1961
|
Incorporation of Goa, Daman and Diu as a Union Territory,
consequent to acquisition from Portugal
|
13
|
Amend part 21.
|
1 December 1963
|
Formation of State of Nagaland, with special protection
under Article 371A
|
14
|
Amend articles 81 and 240.
Insert article 239A. Amend schedules 1 and 4. |
28 December 1962
|
Incorporation of Pondicherry into the Union of India and
creation of Legislative Assemblies for Himachal Pradesh, Tripura, Manipur and
Goa
|
15
|
Amend articles 124, 128, 217, 222, 224, 226, 297, 311 and
316.
Insert article 224A. Amend schedule 7. |
5 October 1963
|
Raise retirement age of judges from 60 to 62 and other
minor amendments for rationalizing interpretation of rules regarding judges
etc.
|
16
|
Amend articles 19, 84 and 173.
Amend schedule 3. |
5 October 1963
|
Make it obligatory for seekers of public office to swear
their allegiance to the Indian Republic and prescribe the various obligtory
templates
|
17
|
Amend article 31A.
Amend schedule 9. |
20 June 1964
|
To secure the constitutional validity of acquisition of
Estates and place land acquisition laws in Schedule 9 of the constitution
|
18
|
Amend article 3.
|
27 August 1966
|
Technical Amendment to include Union Territories in
Article 3 and hence permit reorganisation of Union Territories
|
19
|
Amend article 324.
|
11 December 1966
|
Abolish Election Tribunals and enable trial of election
petitions by regular High Courts
|
20
|
Insert article 233A.
|
22 December 1966
|
Indemnify & validate judgments, decrees, orders and
sentences passed by judges and to validate the appointment, posting,
promotion and transfer of judges barring a few who were not eligible for
appointment under article 233. Amendment needed to overcome the effect of
judgement invalidating appointments of certain judges in the state of Uttar
Pradesh
|
21
|
Amend schedule 8.
|
10 April 1967
|
Include Sindhi as an Official Language
|
22
|
Amend article 275.
Insert articles 244A and 371B. |
25 September 1969
|
Provision to form Autonomous states within the State of
Assam
|
23
|
Amend articles 330, 332, 333 and 334.
|
23 January 1970
|
Extend reservation for SC / ST and nomination of Anglo
Indian members in Parliament and State Assemblies for another ten years i.e.
up to 1980
|
24
|
Amend articles 13 and 368.
|
5 November 1971
|
Enable parliament to dilute fundamental rights through
amendments to the constitution
|
25
|
Amend article 31.
Insert article 31C. |
20 April 1972
|
Restrict property rights and compensation in case the
state takes over private property
|
26
|
Amend article 366.
Insert article 363A. Remove articles 291 and 362. |
28 December 1971
|
Abolition of privy purse paid to former rulers of princely
states which were incorporated into the Indian Republic
|
27
|
Amend articles 239A and 240.
Insert articles 239B and 371C. |
15 February 1972
|
Reorganization of Mizoram into a Union Territory with a
legislature and council of ministers
|
28
|
Insert article 312A.
Remove article 314. |
29 August 1972
|
Rationalize Civil Service rules to make it uniform across
those appointed prior to Independence and post independence
|
29
|
Amend schedule 9.
|
9 June 1972
|
Place land reform acts and amendments to these act under
Schedule 9 of the constitution
|
30
|
Amend article 133.
|
27 February 1973
|
Change the basis for appeals in Supreme Court of India in
case of Civil Suits from value criteria to one involving substantial question
of law
|
31
|
Amend articles 81, 330 and 332.
|
17 October 1973
|
Increase size of Parliament from 525 to 545 seats.
Increased seats going to the new states formed in North East India and minor
adjustment consequent to 1971 Delimitation exercise
|
32
|
Amend article 371.
Insert articles 371D and 371E. Amend schedule 7. |
1 July 1974
|
Protection of regional rights in Telengana and Andhra
regions of State of Andhra Pradesh
|
33
|
Amend articles 101 and 190.
|
19 May 1974
|
Prescribes procedure for resignation by members of
parliament and state legislatures and the procedure for verification and
acceptance of resignation by house speaker
|
34
|
Amend schedule 9.
|
7 September 1974
|
Place land reform acts and amendments to these act under
Schedule 9 of the constitution
|
35
|
Amend articles 80 and 81.
Insert article 2A. Insert schedule 10. |
1 March 1975
|
Terms and Conditions for the Incorporation of Sikkim into
the Union of India
|
36
|
Amend articles 80 and 81.
Insert article 371F. Remove article 2A. Amend schedules 1 and 4. Remove schedule 10. |
26 April 1975
|
Formation of Sikkim as a State within the Indian Union
|
37
|
Amend articles 239A and 240.
|
3 May 1975
|
Formation of Arunachal Pradesh legislative assembly
|
38
|
Amend articles 123, 213, 239B, 352, 356, 359 and 360.
|
1 August 1975
|
Enhances the powers of President and Governors to pass
ordinances
|
39
|
Amend articles 71 and 329.
Insert article 329A. Amend schedule 9. |
10 August 1975
|
Amendment designed to negate the judgement of Allahabad
High Court invalidating Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's election to
parliament. Amendment placed restrictions on judicial scrutiny of post of
Prime Minister
|
40
|
Amend article 297.
Amend schedule 9. |
27 May 1976
|
Enable Parliament to make laws with respect to Exclusive
Economic Zone and vest the mineral wealth with Union of India
Place land reform & other acts and amendments to these
act under Schedule 9 of the constitution
|
41
|
Amend article 316.
|
7 September 1976
|
Raise Retirement Age Limit of Chairmen and Members of
Union and State Public Commissions from sixty to sixty two.
|
Amend articles 31, 31C, 39, 55, 74, 77, 81, 82, 83, 100,
102, 103, 105, 118, 145, 150, 166, 170, 172, 189, 191, 192, 194, 208, 217,
225, 226, 227, 228, 311, 312, 330, 352, 353, 356, 357, 358, 359, 366, 368 and
371F.
Insert articles 31D, 32A, 39A, 43A, 48A, 131A, 139A, 144A, 226A, 228A and 257A. Insert parts 4A and 14A. Amend schedule 7. |
1 April 1977
|
Amendment passed during internal emergency by Indira
Gandhi. Provides for curtailment of fundamental rights, imposes fundamental
duties and changes to the basic structure of the constitution by making India
a "Socialist Secular" Republic
|
|
43
|
Amend articles 145, 226, 228 and 366.
Remove articles 31D, 32A, 131A, 144A, 226A and 228A. |
13 April 1978
|
Amendment passed after revocation of internal emergency in
the Country. Repeals some of the more 'Anti-Freedom' amendments enacted
through Amendment Bill 42
|
44
|
Amend articles 19, 22, 30, 31A, 31C, 38, 71, 74, 77, 83,
103, 105, 123, 132, 133, 134, 139A, 150, 166, 172, 192, 194, 213, 217, 225,
226, 227, 239B, 329, 352, 356, 358, 359, 360 and 371F.
Insert articles 134A and 361A. Remove articles 31, 257A and 329A. Amend part 12. Amend schedule 9. |
6 September 1979
|
Amendment passed after revocation of internal emergency in
the Country. Provides for human rights safeguards and mechanisms to prevent
abuse of executive and legislative authority. Annuls some Amendments enacted
in Amendment Bill 42
|
45
|
Amend article 334.
|
25 January 1980
|
Extend reservation for SC / ST and nomination of Anglo
Indian members in Parliament and State Assemblies for another ten years i.e.
up to 1990
|
46
|
Amend articles 269, 286 and 366.
Amend schedule 7. |
2 February 1983
|
Amendment to negate judicial pronouncements on scope and
applicability on Sales Tax
|
47
|
Amend schedule 9.
|
26 August 1984
|
Place land reform acts and amendments to these act under
Schedule 9 of the constitution
|
48
|
Amend article 356.
|
1 April 1985
|
Article 356 amended to permit President's rule up to two
years in the state of Punjab
|
49
|
Amend article 244.
Amend schedules 5 and 6. |
11 September 1984
|
Recognize Tripura as a Tribal State and enable the
creation of a Tripura Tribal Areas Autonomous District Council
|
50
|
Amend article 33.
|
11 September 1984
|
Technical Amendment to curtailment of Fundamental Rights
as per Part III as prescribed in Article 33 to cover Security Personnel
protecting property and communication infrastructure
|
51
|
Amend articles 330 and 332.
|
16 June 1986
|
Provide reservation to Scheduled Tribes in Nagaland,
Meghalaya, Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assemblies
|
52
|
Amend articles 101, 102, 190 and 191.
Insert schedule 10. |
1 March 1985
|
Anti Defection Law - Provide disqualification of members
from parliament and assembly in case of defection from one party to other
|
53
|
Insert article 371G.
|
20 February 1987
|
Special provision with respect to the State of Mizoram.
|
54
|
Amend articles 125 and 221.
Amend schedule 2. |
1 April 1986
|
Increase the salary of Chief Justice of India & other
Judges and to provide for determining future increases without the need for
constitutional amendment
|
55
|
Insert article 371H.
|
20 February 1987
|
Special powers to Governor consequent to formation of
state of Arunachal Pradesh
|
56
|
Insert article 371I.
|
30 May 1987
|
Transition provision to enable formation of state of Goa
|
57
|
Amend article 332.
|
21 September 1987
|
Provide reservation to Scheduled Tribes in Nagaland,
Meghalaya, Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assemblies
|
58
|
Insert article 394A.
Amend part 22. |
9 December 1987
|
Provision to publish authentic Hindi translation of
constitution as on date and provision to publish authentic Hindi translation
of future amendments
|
59
|
Amend article 356.
Insert article 359A. |
30 March 1988
|
Article 356 amended to permit President's rule up to three
years in the state of Punjab, Articles 352 and Article 359A amended to permit
imposing emergency in state of Punjab or in specific districts of the state
of Punjab
|
60
|
Amend article 276.
|
20 December 1988
|
Profession Tax increased from a maximum of Rs. 250/- to a
maximum of Rs. 2500/-
|
61
|
Amend article 326.
|
28 March 1989
|
Reduce age for voting rights from 21 to 18
|
62
|
Amend article 334.
|
20 December 1989
|
Extend reservation for SC / ST and nomination of Anglo
Indian members in Parliament and State Assemblies for another ten years i.e.
up to 2000
|
63
|
Amend article 356.
Remove article 359A. |
6 January 1990
|
Emergency powers applicable to State of Punjab, accorded
in Article 359A as per amendment 59 repealed
|
64
|
Amend article 356.
|
16 April 1990
|
Article 356 amended to permit President's rule up to three
years and six months in the state of Punjab
|
65
|
Amend article 338.
|
12 March 1992
|
National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled
Tribes formed and its stututory powers specifed in The Constitution.
|
66
|
Amend schedule 9.
|
7 June 1990
|
Place land reform acts and amendments to these act under
Schedule 9 of the constitution
|
67
|
Amend article 356.
|
4 October 1990
|
Article 356 amended to permit President's rule up to four
years in the state of Punjab
|
68
|
Amend article 356.
|
12 March 1991
|
Article 356 amended to permit President's rule up to five
years in the state of Punjab
|
69
|
Insert articles 239AA and 239AB.
|
1 February 1992
|
To provide for a legislative assembly and council of
ministers for Federal National Capital of Delhi. Delhi continues to be a
Union Territory
|
70
|
Amend articles 54 and 239AA.
|
21 December 1991
|
Include National Capital of Delhi and Union Territory of
Pondicherry in electoral college for Presidential Election
|
71
|
Amend schedule 8.
|
31 August 1992
|
Include Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali as Official Languages
|
72
|
Amend article 332.
|
5 December 1992
|
Provide reservation to Scheduled Tribes in Tripura State
Legislative Assembly
|
73
|
Insert part 9.
|
24 April 1993
|
Statutory provisions for Panchyat Raj as third level of
administration in villages
|
74
|
Insert part 9A.
|
1 June 1993
|
Statutory provisions for Local Administrative bodies as
third level of administration in urban areas such as towns and cities
|
75
|
Amend article 323B.
|
15 May 1994
|
Provisions for setting up Rent Control Tribunals
|
76
|
Amend schedule 9.
|
31 August 1994
|
Enable continuance of 69% reservation in Tamil Nadu by
including the relevant Tamil Nadu Act under 9th Schedule of the constitution
|
77
|
Amend article 16.
|
17 June 1995
|
A technical amendment to protect reservation to SC/ST
Employees in promotions
|
78
|
Amend schedule 9.
|
30 August 1995
|
Place land reform acts and amendments to these act under
Schedule 9 of the constitution
|
79
|
Amend article 334.
|
25 January 2000
|
Extend reservation for SC / ST and nomination of Anglo
Indian members in Parliament and State Assemblies for another ten years i.e.
up to 2010
|
80
|
Amend articles 269 and 270.
Remove article 272. |
9 June 2000
|
Implement Tenth Finance Commission recommendation to
simplify the tax structures by pooling and sharing all taxes between states
and The Centre
|
81
|
Amend article 16.
|
9 June 2000
|
Protect SC / ST reservation in filling backlog of
vacancies
|
82
|
Amend article 335.
|
8 September 2000
|
Permit relaxation of qualifying marks and other criteria
in reservation in promotion for SC / ST candidates
|
83
|
Amend article 243M.
|
8 September 2000
|
Exempt Arunachal Pradesh from reservation for Scheduled
Castes in Panchayati Raj institutions
|
84
|
Amend articles 55, 81, 82, 170, 330 and 332.
|
21 February 2002
|
Extend the usage of 1991 national census population
figures for statewise distribution of parliamentary seats
|
85
|
Amend article 16.
|
4 January 2002
|
A technical amendment to protect seniority in case of
promotions of SC/ST Employees
|
86
|
Amend articles 45 and 51A.
Insert article 21A. |
12 December 2002
|
Provides Right to Education until the age of fourteen and
Early childhood care until the age of six
|
87
|
Amend articles 81, 82, 170 and 330.
|
22 June 2003
|
Extend the usage of 2001 national census population
figures for statewise distribution of parliamentary seats
|
88
|
Amend article 270.
Insert article 268A. Amend schedule 7. |
15 January 2004
|
To extend statutory cover for levy and utilization of
Service Tax
|
89
|
Amend article 338.
Insert article 338A. |
28 September 2003
|
The National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled
Tribes was bifurcated into The National Commission for Scheduled Castes and
The National Commission for Scheduled Tribes
|
90
|
Amend article 332.
|
28 September 2003
|
Reservation in Assam Assembly relating to Bodoland
Territory Area
|
91
|
Amend articles 75 and 164.
Insert article 361B. Amend schedule 10. |
1 January 2004
|
Restrict the size of council of ministers to 15 % of
legislative members & to strengthen Anti Defection laws
|
92
|
Amend article 270.
Insert article 268A. Amend schedules 7 and 8. |
7 January 2004
|
Enable Levy of Service Tax & Include Bodo, Dogri,
Santali and Maithali as Official Languages
|
93
|
Amend article 15.
|
20 January 2006
|
To enable provision of reservation for other backward
classes (O.B.C.) in government as well as private educational institutions
|
94
|
Amend article 164.
|
12 June 2006
|
To provide for a Minister of Tribal Welfare in newly
created Jharkand and Chattisgarh States
|
95
|
Amend article 334.
|
25 January 2010
|
To extend the reservation of seats for SCs and STs in the
Lok Sabha and states assemblies from Sixty years to Seventy years
|
96
|
Amend schedule 8.
|
23 September 2011
|
Substituted "Odia" for "Oriya"
|
97
|
Amend Art 19 and added Part IXB.
|
12 January 2012
|
Added the words "or co-operative societies"
after the word "or unions" in Article 19(l)(c) and insertion of
article 43B i.e., Promotion of Co-operative Societies and added Part-IXB
i.e., THE CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES
|
Source : Wikepedia